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বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি ডেস্ক | জুলাই ২০২৫

বিশ্বে প্রথমবারের মতো এমন এক রোবট হাতির ভিডিও প্রকাশিত হয়েছে, যা শুধু ফুল তুলতে পারে না—বরং বোলিং বল ঠেলে সাতটি পিন ফেলে দিতে সক্ষম হয়েছে!
এই অত্যাধুনিক রোবটটির দেহে রয়েছে ৩ডি প্রিন্ট করা "জৈব অনুকরণে" গঠিত টিস্যু, যা তাকে একযোগে নমনীয়তা ও দৃঢ়তা—দুই-ই প্রদান করে।

সুইজারল্যান্ডের EPFL বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের Computational Robot Design and Fabrication Lab-এর গবেষকরা এই অভিনব রোবট হাতিটি তৈরি করেছেন। তারা একটি programmable lattice structure উদ্ভাবন করেছেন, যা ভিন্ন ভিন্ন আকার ধারণ করতে পারে। এর ফলে রোবটটির শুঁড় হয়ে উঠেছে নমনীয় ও ঘূর্ণনযোগ্য, আবার পা ও সংযোগস্থলগুলো হয়েছে দৃঢ় ও মজবুত।

গবেষক দল জানায়, এই কাঠামোতে থাকা ফোম-নির্ভর অসংখ্য ক্ষুদ্র ইউনিট বা সেল পৃথকভাবে প্রোগ্রাম করা যায়। এভাবেই এক মিলিয়নের বেশি ভিন্ন কনফিগারেশনের সমন্বয়ে তৈরি হয় "অসীম" জ্যামিতিক বিন্যাস, যা রোবটের চলনকে করে তুলেছে প্রকৃতির মতোই স্বাভাবিক ও গতিশীল।

গবেষকরা প্রকাশিত ভিডিওতে দেখিয়েছেন—

• রোবট হাতিটি তার শুঁড় দিয়ে ফুল তুলতে পারে।
• একইসাথে, এটি ছোট একটি বোলিং বল লাথি দিয়ে ১০টি পিনের মধ্যে ৭টি পিন ফেলেছে, যা এই প্রযুক্তির কার্যকারিতা প্রমাণ করে।

প্রকৃতির হাতির শুঁড়ে থাকে প্রায় ৯০,০০০টি পেশি ফাইবারের বান্ডল (muscle fascicles), যা তাকে বহু কাজে পারদর্শী করে তোলে—চালনা, ধারণ, মোচড়ানো, ইত্যাদি।
গবেষকরা জানিয়েছেন, তাদের তৈরি জ্যামিতিক ল্যাটিস কাঠামো মূলত দুইটি প্রধান আকৃতির সংমিশ্রণে তৈরি হয়, যা নমনীয়তা ও চাপ সহ্য করার ক্ষমতা প্রদান করে।

এই কাঠামোর বিশেষত্ব হচ্ছে—এটি শুধুমাত্র দুটি নির্দিষ্ট আকৃতিতে সীমাবদ্ধ নয়। গবেষকরা "hybrid shape" তৈরি করতে পারেন, যা একটি ধারাবাহিক পরিবর্তনশীল জ্যামিতি তৈরি করে। এর মাধ্যমে রোবটের বিভিন্ন অংশে ভিন্ন ভিন্ন কঠোরতা বা নমনীয়তা দেওয়া যায়—যেমন মানবদেহের পেশি ও হাড়ের মধ্যে দেখা যায়।

প্রধান গবেষক ড. ছিংহুয়া গুয়ান বলেন: “আমরা একটি সফট শুঁড় ও দৃঢ় গাঁটযুক্ত হাতি রোবট তৈরি করেছি, যা ঘূর্ণন, মোচড়ানো ও পদচারণায় সক্ষম। এটি প্রমাণ করে, আমাদের পদ্ধতি দিয়ে হালকা ও অভিযোজ্য রোবট নির্মাণ সম্ভব।”

সহ-গবেষক বেনহুই দাই বলেন: “এই পদ্ধতি বিভিন্ন জ্যামিতিক একককে একত্র করে শারীরিক পেশী কাঠামোর মতো অঙ্গ অনুকরণে সক্ষম। এটি বিশেষভাবে উপযোগী হাতির শুঁড়ের মতো জটিল কাঠামো পুনর্গঠনে।”

এই উদ্ভাবন ক্লাসিক রোবট প্রযুক্তির "কঠোর ও কাঠখোট্টা" গতির সীমাবদ্ধতা কাটিয়ে উঠেছে। এখন হালকা, নমনীয় ও জৈবিক-অনুকরণে সক্ষম রোবট তৈরি সম্ভব। এটি চিকিৎসা, পুনর্বাসন, শিল্প উৎপাদন এমনকি অনুসন্ধান ও উদ্ধার অভিযানে ভবিষ্যতে ব্যাপক ভূমিকা রাখতে পারে।

📚 তথ্যসূত্র:

• গবেষণা প্রকাশ: Science Advances, ১৬ জুলাই ২০২৫
• গবেষক দল: EPFL (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Switzerland
• ভিডিও ও ছবি: EPFL Computational Robot Design Lab

বিজ্ঞান ডেস্ক | জুলাই ২০২৫

প্রাচীনকাল থেকে একটি প্রচলিত ধারণা ছিল—ডিম্বাণু নিষ্ক্রিয়ভাবে অপেক্ষা করে আর লক্ষ লক্ষ শুক্রাণু একসাথে ছুটে চলে সেই ‘গন্তব্যে’ পৌঁছানোর জন্য। এই দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি অনুযায়ী, যে শুক্রাণু প্রথম পৌঁছায়, সেই-ই বিজয়ী। তবে সাম্প্রতিক গবেষণা ও বিজ্ঞানের আধুনিক ব্যাখ্যা বলছে, এই ধারণাটি সম্পূর্ণ ভুল।

সায়েন্স জার্নালিস্ট স্টারে ভারটান তার নতুন বই "The Stronger Sex: What Science Tells Us About the Power of the Female Body" (২০২৫)-এ তুলে ধরেছেন—ডিম্বাণু নিজেই বেছে নেয় কোন শুক্রাণু তার ভেতরে প্রবেশ করবে এবং কোনটি হবে ভবিষ্যৎ সন্তানের পিতা।

• স্টকহোম বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় ও ম্যানচেস্টার বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের যৌথ গবেষণায় প্রমাণিত হয়েছে, ডিম্বাণু এমন একটি রাসায়নিক পদার্থ নিঃসরণ করে যা নির্দিষ্ট শুক্রাণুর প্রতি আকর্ষণ সৃষ্টি করে।
• গবেষণায় দেখা গেছে, ডিম্বাণু কখনো কখনো তার সঙ্গীর শুক্রাণুর বদলে অন্য পুরুষের শুক্রাণুর প্রতি আকৃষ্ট হয়, কারণ হয়তো সেই শুক্রাণুটি আরো জিনগতভাবে উপযুক্ত।

গবেষকরা বলেন,

“ডিম্বাণু ও শুক্রাণুর মধ্যকার মিথস্ক্রিয়া নির্ভর করে নারীর ও পুরুষের নির্দিষ্ট পরিচয়ের ওপর।”
অর্থাৎ, ডিম্বাণু কেবল ‘প্রথম আগত’ নয়, বরং সবচেয়ে উপযোগী শুক্রাণু ‘নির্বাচন’ করে।

যদিও ১৯৮০’র দশকেই প্রথম এই তথ্য উঠে আসে যে, ডিম্বাণুই সক্রিয়ভাবে শুক্রাণু নির্বাচন করে—তবুও ‘দৌড়ানো শুক্রাণু ও নিষ্ক্রিয় ডিম্বাণু’ এই ভুল গল্পই অধিকাংশ জৈববিজ্ঞানের পাঠ্যে রয়ে গেছে।

নারীবাদী জীববিজ্ঞানি এমিলি মার্টিন এবং এভলিন ফক্স কেলার দেখিয়েছেন,

“জীববিজ্ঞানে অনেক তথাকথিত নিরপেক্ষ ব্যাখ্যাই আসলে লিঙ্গভিত্তিক দৃষ্টিভঙ্গির প্রতিফলন।”

এমনকি ২০১৭ ও ২০১৯ সালের নতুন গবেষণাগুলোকেও ‘অপ্রত্যাশিত আবিষ্কার’ বলে উল্লেখ করা হয়েছে, যদিও এগুলোর ভিত্তি অনেক আগেই প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয়েছিল।

জৈবিক দৃষ্টিকোণ থেকে, স্তন্যপায়ী প্রাণীরা ডিম্বাণু ও ভ্রূণকে নিজের শরীরে ধারণ করে। ফলে পরিবেশ-নির্ভর নয়, বরং নারীর অভ্যন্তরীণ অভিজ্ঞতা ও জিনগত বিশ্লেষণ গুরুত্বপূর্ণ হয়ে ওঠে।

প্রাণীরাজ্যে মাছ, ব্যাঙ, কচ্ছপরা শত শত ডিম দেয় এবং সেখানে সংখ্যাই বড় শক্তি।
কিন্তু মানুষের মতো প্রাণীরা সংখ্যার চেয়ে গুণমানের উপর জোর দেয়। তাই কম সন্তান, কিন্তু উন্নত প্রজননই মূল লক্ষ্য।

• গবেষকরা IVF ক্লিনিক থেকে সংগ্রহ করা ডিম্বাণু ও শুক্রাণু নিয়ে পরীক্ষা করেন।
• প্রতিটি পরীক্ষায় দুটি আলাদা দম্পতির শুক্রাণু একাধিক ডিম্বাণুর ফোলিকুলার ফ্লুইডে রাখা হয়।
• দেখা যায়, ডিম্বাণুরা নির্দিষ্ট শুক্রাণুর প্রতি বেশি সাড়া দিচ্ছে—এমনকি কখনো তা নিজের সঙ্গীর নয়।

এই গবেষণা ও বইটি আবারও তুলে ধরেছে যে নারীর দেহ নিষ্ক্রিয় নয়, বরং জন্মদানের ক্ষেত্রে সবচেয়ে সক্রিয় ও নিয়ন্ত্রণকারী ভূমিকা পালন করে।
‘শুক্রাণুর প্রতিযোগিতা’ নয়—ডিম্বাণুই সিদ্ধান্ত নেয় কার সাথে সে নতুন জীবনের সূচনা ঘটাবে।

এই তথ্য নারীর প্রজননক্ষমতা ও স্বাস্থ্যব্যবস্থা বিষয়ে দৃষ্টিভঙ্গির পরিবর্তন ঘটাবে এবং ভবিষ্যতের সন্তান ধারণ ও চিকিৎসাব্যবস্থার ওপরও গভীর প্রভাব ফেলবে।

📚 তথ্যসূত্র:

• Starre Vartan: The Stronger Sex (Seal Press, 2025)
• LiveScience Article
• Stockholm & Manchester University Research, 2020
• Labroots, Ms. Magazine (2024), UVA Research Report (2019)

Delowar Hossain Mahdi | Brahmanbaria Correspondent

Sabina Yasmin Putul, a journalist and social activist from Nabinagar, Brahmanbaria, has been arrested by the police for allegedly making derogatory remarks about BNP’s acting chairman, Tarique Rahman. The arrest was made at around 9:40 PM on Saturday, July 19, from her residence by officers of the Nabinagar Police Station.

According to police sources, a general diary (GD) was filed against Putul, accusing her of making objectionable comments about Tarique Rahman. Based on this complaint, law enforcement launched an operation that led to her arrest. While the exact details of the remarks have not been made public, authorities stated that the matter is under investigation and are withholding further information in the interest of the inquiry.

Sabina Yasmin Putul is a well-known figure in Nabinagar’s social and political spheres. She has worked as a journalist for many years and has been actively involved in various community development initiatives. Most recently, she gained attention as a candidate for the position of Female Vice Chairman in the Upazila Parishad elections.

Her arrest has sparked mixed reactions across the political and civil society landscape of Nabinagar. While her family members and close political associates have expressed deep concern and called for a fair and transparent investigation, public opinion remains divided.

Shahnur Alam, Officer-in-Charge (OC) of Nabinagar Police Station, confirmed the arrest and stated,

“She was detained based on specific allegations. Since the investigation is ongoing, further details cannot be disclosed at this time.”

Meanwhile, the incident has ignited widespread discussion on social media. While some view the arrest as an infringement on freedom of speech, others support legal action against potentially offensive or inflammatory remarks.

As of now, Sabina Yasmin Putul remains in police custody at Nabinagar Police Station. It has not yet been confirmed whether any formal case has been filed against her or if she has been presented before the court.

Liton Hossain Jihad, Brahmanbaria:Located in the northern part of Brahmanbaria district under the Chattogram Division of Bangladesh, Nasirnagar is a unique sub-district that stands as a silent witness to natural beauty, rich history, and enduring struggle. Just as the haor (wetland ecosystem) brings forth vast expanses of water, it also carries stories of light and shadow from the lives of the people who reside here. From the origin of its name to its role in the Liberation War, economic conditions, education, healthcare, culture, and the contributions of notable personalities—Nasirnagar’s vast identity cannot be summed up briefly.

There are two popular legends regarding the naming of Nasirnagar. One version refers to the famous military commander of the Sultanate era, Syed Nasir Uddin, who came to this region to spread Islam. The area was named Nasirnagar after him. The union that bore this name later gave rise to the police precinct and subsequently to the entire upazila. Another version attributes the name to a powerful Mughal-era administrator or Dewan. Although the true historical origin remains undetermined, both narratives resonate with the deep-rooted heritage embedded in the region’s identity.

The history of Nasirnagar carries strong imprints of British colonial rule. It was during this time that the zamindari system, tax collection traditions, and the formation of policing administration began. In 1910, Nasirnagar was declared a police precinct, and formal criminal administration was initiated. After a long journey, on August 1, 1983, Nasirnagar officially became a full-fledged upazila. Administratively, it now consists of 13 unions and one municipality.

Nasirnagar’s contribution to the Liberation War of 1971 is unforgettable. Many villages were burned to ashes by the brutal Pakistani army, and countless innocent lives were lost. Particularly in areas such as Gokarna, Chapra, Chatlapar, Fandauk, and Purbo Bhagh, organized guerrilla resistance took place. Many individuals played vital roles in organizing the movement, while local youths formed a strong resistance. On December 7, Nasirnagar was liberated, and the flag of independent Bangladesh was hoisted on its soil.

The upazila still holds many centuries-old architectural landmarks. The Nawab House of Gokarna, Mughal-style temples, 175-year-old zamindar estates, and various religious institutions bear witness to its rich cultural past. These structures reflect the harmonious coexistence of Muslims, Hindus, and people of other faiths—an enduring symbol of unity that continues to inspire awe.

Nasirnagar is crisscrossed by haors, wetlands, and rivers. Its topography makes it vulnerable to devastating floods during the monsoon. The floods of 1974 and 1988, and the catastrophic cyclone of 1971, brought immense suffering to its people. Due to climate change, annual crop losses are now common. Families dependent on single-season crops face the most severe hardship.

The literacy rate in Nasirnagar is still below the national average. Despite having several degree colleges, secondary and primary schools, madrasas, and kindergartens, remote haor regions remain largely deprived of educational opportunities. During monsoons, boats are often the only means for students to reach schools. However, recent development projects, educational support programs, and initiatives by NGOs have brought modest improvements.

Healthcare facilities include one upazila health complex and more than ten union health centers and community clinics. However, for complex or emergency cases, patients must travel to Brahmanbaria district headquarters or Dhaka. This makes diagnosis and treatment both costly and time-consuming.

The dialect spoken in Nasirnagar is influenced by Brahmanbaria, Kishoreganj, and Sylhet regions. The phonetics, vocabulary, and sentence structure reflect a fusion of these areas. Culturally, Nasirnagar is a rich land of folk traditions—rural songs, folk music, murshidi songs, and kirtan are still vibrantly alive. Religious festivals, orosh (spiritual gatherings), boat races, and village fairs are essential parts of social life.

About 71% of Nasirnagar’s population depends on agriculture. Paddy, wheat, jute, mustard, pulses, and potatoes are the main crops. However, due to the dominance of haors, farming is restricted to a single season, limiting employment opportunities and increasing poverty. Women are engaged in weaving, domestic farming, and animal husbandry, though their contribution hasn't significantly impacted the broader economy. Encouragingly, fish farming and duck rearing have started to bring financial relief to many families.

Notable Personalities of Nasirnagar:

1. Nawab Syed Shamsul Huda (1862–1922): Born in Gokarna, he was the first Muslim President of the Imperial Legislative Council in British India. He represented the Muslim community in Kolkata and played a pivotal role in socio-political leadership.

2. Syed Murshed Kamal (1947–2013): A Member of Parliament during the fifth national parliament and an organizer of the Liberation War. His political consciousness and social service make him a source of pride for Nasirnagar.

3. Mohammad Sayedul Haque (1942–2017): A Member of Parliament from the seventh to tenth national parliament and former Minister of Fisheries and Livestock. His vision and dedication are fondly remembered by the people of Nasirnagar.

4. Mozammel Haque: A freedom fighter and Member of Parliament during the third and fourth parliaments. His political contributions are significant.

5. Badruddoza Md. Farhad Hossain: Current Member of Parliament of the eleventh national parliament. He plays an active role in leading Nasirnagar’s political landscape.

6. Abdur Rasul: A lawyer and politician during British India. His intellectual legacy and social leadership are still revered in historical accounts.

and resilient spirit of the people in Bangladesh’s northeastern region. From ancient temples to the achievements of modern political leaders—Nasirnagar is a land of wonder. All that is needed now is proper planning, joint public-private initiatives, and conscious leadership.

In the context of the recent Iran-Israel conflict, more than 1,300 Sunni scholars, intellectuals, and thinkers from across the world have issued a groundbreaking statement declaring the Islamic Republic of Iran’s victory as a "victory for Islam and humanity."

Published on Sunday, June 29, the statement urges Muslim heads of state, scholars, youth, and thinkers to draw inspiration from Iran’s triumph and unite the Muslim Ummah through faith, solidarity, and resistance against Israel and Western imperialist forces.

They stated:

“Iran’s victory is the defeat of falsehood by truth, and the triumph of Islam over disbelief.”
This declaration is being seen as a call for renewed unity and awakening in the Islamic world.

The statement accuses Israel’s occupying regime—“born of British conspiracy and American support”—of acting as a “bloodthirsty cancerous tumor” spreading across Muslim lands and committing daily atrocities against unarmed Palestinian women and children.

Referencing the October 7 “Al-Aqsa Flood Operation”, the signatories noted that it shook the very foundations of Israel’s military, economic, and security establishments, describing it as an epic of resistance.

They invoked the Quranic call:

“And what is [the matter] with you that you fight not in the cause of Allah and [for] the oppressed among men, women, and children?”

The statement honored Palestinian leaders Ismail Haniyeh এবং Yahya Sinwar, as well as Hezbollah leaders Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah এবং Sayyed Hashem Safi al-Din, referring to them as “lions of the Ummah” and symbols of courage and sacrifice.

The scholars warned that while Iran is currently under attack, any Muslim nation could be next. According to them, this is not just a geopolitical conflict but a war against the entire Islamic civilization and Ummah.

They called on Muslim governments, politicians, religious scholars, youth, and the general public to set aside internal divisions and build a united front of resistance.

Particularly, they emphasized the need to resist Western imperialist powers by targeting their embassies, military bases, and corporate institutions, which they view as tools of oppression.

The statement concluded with a powerful Quranic message:

“Do not weaken, and do not grieve; for you will be superior if you are [true] believers.”

They affirmed their belief that steadfastness on truth will inevitably lead the Ummah to victory and a revival of its dignity, honor, and leadership.

Beijing, China, has become the stage for the world's first fully autonomous AI Robot Football League. The league featured three teams, each composed entirely of robot football players whose movements and strategies were controlled solely through artificial intelligence.

The robot players are still gaining experience on the field. During the matches, they occasionally missed shots or lost alignment with the goalposts, but each robot showed consistent effort in trying to score.

This AI Robot Football League marks a significant technological advancement for China. By combining sports and robotics, the country is introducing a new form of entertainment while simultaneously exploring the capabilities of artificial intelligence in complex, real-time environments.

Technology firms based in Beijing stated that this robot football league is not just about entertainment. It also serves as an experimental platform for testing AI's decision-making speed, coordination, and strategic adaptability.

In addition, the league is exploring the future possibility of mixed football matches featuring both human and robot players on the same team or field.

Experts believe this form of AI-driven sport could open up new possibilities in enhancing human performance and redefining team dynamics and strategic planning in the near future.

Source: Al Jazeera, The Guardian

In a successful late-night operation, members of RAB-14 rescued a 7-year-old madrasa student named Russel from the Sonotia area of Jamalpur Sadar upazila on Saturday around 8 PM. Two suspects—Md. Sohel (37) and Md. Imran Hossain (22)—were arrested during the raid.

Russel is the son of Md. Moin Uddin from Merua village under Monohorganj upazila in Cumilla district. The arrested individuals have been identified as Sohel, son of the late Ismail Hossain from Gandail village, and Imran, son of the late Dulal from Monohorpur village in Chatkhil upazila of Noakhali district.

According to RAB sources and the victim’s family, Russel was abducted on June 21 from Ashirpar An-Noorani Madrasa in Monohorganj, Cumilla. Soon after the abduction, the kidnappers contacted the family and demanded a ransom of Tk 1.5 million. Following the incident, the child's mother, Rozina Begum, filed an abduction case with the Monohorganj Police Station.

The case quickly came under the attention of both the local police and RAB, who began a joint investigation. However, the abductors, aware of modern surveillance techniques, frequently changed their locations while continuing to pressure the family for the ransom payment through video calls. On Saturday, they instructed the family to come to different places at different times with the ransom money.

Upon receiving intelligence, RAB-14 intensified surveillance and, under the leadership of Acting Company Commander Sheikh Muttazul Islam, conducted an operation in the Sonotia area of Jamalpur Sadar. The team successfully rescued the child and apprehended the two suspects.

Speaking to reporters, Russel’s father, Md. Moin Uddin, expressed his gratitude: “The kidnappers kept asking us to move from place to place. When we reached Jamalpur and informed RAB, they acted promptly. I am deeply thankful to RAB for rescuing my son and arresting the kidnappers.”

At a press briefing held around 11 PM, Acting Company Commander Sheikh Muttazul Islam confirmed the rescue and arrests. He said, “The abductors demanded ransom through video calls. Based on actionable intelligence, we launched a targeted operation and managed to rescue the child safely. The arrested suspects have been handed over to Monohorganj Police Station in Cumilla.”

The incident has sparked concern as well as commendation for RAB’s swift and effective action.

Comilla Correspondent:
A disturbing incident has surfaced from Muradnagar upazila in Comilla, where a woman was allegedly raped and later publicly assaulted after being dragged out of her home. A 51-second video of the incident went viral on social media late Saturday night, sparking nationwide outrage and condemnation.

The video shows a group of 10–12 young men physically assaulting a woman while she is in a state of undress, screaming for help. The incident reportedly took place on Thursday night in Ramchandrapur Dakshin Union of the upazila.

According to the police, the woman filed a case of rape on Friday at Muradnagar Police Station, accusing one Fazor Ali (38), a resident of Baheerchar Pachkitta village and son of Shahid Mia. Since the incident, the accused has been absconding.

The victim stated that her parents were not at home during the night of the incident. She alleged that Fazor Ali came to her house and asked her to open the door. When she refused, he reportedly entered the house by force and raped her. Hearing her screams, neighbors rushed in, caught the accused, beat him, and recorded a video of the aftermath. The woman was later rescued from the scene.

Police said they had no prior information about the incident until the video began circulating online. Two police teams have been deployed to apprehend the accused, who remains on the run.

Muradnagar Police Station Officer-in-Charge (OC) Zahidur Rahman confirmed that the victim has undergone a medical examination. "We expect to arrest the accused very soon," he said.

He also mentioned that the victim did not initially report the public assault. “Circulating such videos on social media is a punishable offense. We are investigating the source of the video. All individuals involved in the act of stripping and assaulting the woman will be identified and brought to justice,” the OC added.

The victim’s husband has been working abroad for the past five years, and the couple has two children. The incident has triggered intense anger and tension in the local community.